Ruins of Vastseliina Episcopal Castle

Vana-Vastseliina, Estonia, Estonia

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The Ruins of Vastseliina Episcopal Castle are among Estonia’s most important medieval historical sites, located in Vana-Vastseliina near the Russian border.

Built in 1342 on the lands of the Bishopric of Tartu, the fortress became one of the strongest castles in medieval Livonia and played a significant defensive role for centuries. The castle gained international fame during the Middle Ages as a major pilgrimage destination after reports of a miracle involving a holy cross in its chapel.

Pilgrims who visited the site were granted religious indulgences by order of Pope Innocent VI, attracting visitors from across Europe. The fortress was largely destroyed during the Great Northern War by the forces of Peter the Great, leaving only impressive ruins. Today, visitors can explore the remaining walls and towers, visit the medieval experience center and pilgrimage site, and learn about the castle’s rich military, cultural, and religious history.