Giza Necropolis

Giza, Greater Cairo, Egypt

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Giza Necropolis is a large and famous archaeological site on the edge of Cairo, Egypt. It is best known for the three great pyramids, the Great Sphinx, and many ancient tombs and temples. The whole area is sometimes called the Giza Pyramid Complex or “City of the Dead”.

The most famous landmarks at Giza are the pyramids built for three pharaohs of ancient Egypt: Khufu, Khafre, and Menkaure. The Great Pyramid of Khufu is the largest and oldest of the three. It stands about 138 meters tall today and is the only one of the ancient Seven Wonders of the World still standing. The pyramids were built over 4,500 years ago, during the time known as the Old Kingdom.

Next to the pyramids is the Great Sphinx. This is a giant statue with the body of a lion and the head of a man, believed to represent the pharaoh Khafre. The Sphinx is carved from limestone and stands guard over the complex. It is one of the largest and oldest statues in the world.

Around the main pyramids and Sphinx, there are many smaller pyramids, tombs for queens and nobles, temples, and the remains of villages where workers once lived. The area shows how the Egyptians built these huge monuments using skilled workers and advanced engineering for their time. Most structures here were meant to serve the pharaohs in the afterlife and honor their memory.

Giza Necropolis is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of Egypt’s most popular tourist destinations. Millions of visitors come each year to see the pyramids, explore the tombs, and learn about ancient Egypt. Special attractions include tours inside the pyramids, the Sphinx, and several museums. It is a powerful symbol of the rich history and achievements of ancient Egyptian civilization.