Zámok Pezinok

Pezinok, Slovakia, Slovakia

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Zámok Pezinok in Pezinok, Slovakia, originated as a 13th-century medieval water castle built on the foundations of an earlier fortress predating 1271, featuring double moats filled from the Cajlanský stream, drawbridges, and a defensive layout with outer parkán walls, a gate tower, central residential tower, and inner courtyard buildings. Renaissance alterations in the 16th-17th centuries added upper floors and wine cellars suited to the town's viticulture, followed by 18th-century repairs under Ján Pálffy and major 19th-century Classical-Baroque transformations by the Pálffy family, including a grand hall with Bárt brothers' paintings, elimination of moats for an English park, and a 1844 tower risalit inscribed with their coat of arms. Despite 1940s modifications by a wine cooperative adding mismatched administrative wings, it retains its core as a national cultural monument dominating the historic wine-making center, now partly housing cultural and hospitality uses.