Philippolis

South Africa , South Africa

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Philippolis, founded in 1823 by the London Missionary Society, is the oldest town in the Free State province of South Africa.

Named after Dr. John Philip, a superintendent of the Society, it was initially established as a mission station to serve the local Griqua people. The Griqua leader Adam Kok II settled there in 1826, becoming protector of the mission.

The town played a strategic role in regional conflicts and colonial expansion, though it often saw tension with indigenous groups, particularly the San, who were eventually driven away despite initial promises of protection. Philippolis evolved into a farming town and was incorporated into the Free State Republic in 1861. It retains many historical buildings from the 19th century, including a Dutch Reformed Church and the former jail turned guest house.

The town is known for its cultural heritage, including memorials to significant figures like Emily Hobhouse and Adam Kok. Today, Philippolis serves as a reminder of South Africa’s complex colonial history and the endurance of its diverse communities.​